Coastlines need to be managed because they are often used by humans for purposes such as housing. To protect the coast from erosion, we can use hard engineering strategies (building man-made structures such as sea walls) and soft engineering strategies (using natural processes such as beach nourishment).
How do they protect the coastline?
Hard structural/engineering options use structures constructed on the beach (seawalls, groynes, breakwaters/artificial headlands) or further offshore (offshore breakwaters). These options influence coastal processes to stop or reduce the rate of coastal erosion.
What are the 2 main types of coastal management?
There are two types of coastal management techniques, hard engineering, and soft engineering.
What are the 5 main processes that control coasts?
There are five main processes which cause coastal erosion. These are corrasion, abrasion, hydraulic action, attrition and corrosion/solution. Corrasion is when waves pick up beach material (e.g. pebbles) and hurl them at the base of a cliff.
What are 3 types of coastal protection?
Types of Coastal Protection Structures
- Seawalls.
- Bulkheads.
- Groins.
- Jetties.
- Breakwaters.
How do you manage and protect coastlines from the sea?
Sea Walls
- Sea walls aim to protect the coast by by shielding it with concrete, steel and stone.
- Revetments are slanted structures build along cliffs.
- Rock armour or rip-rap involves placing large boulders in front of a cliff or sea wall to absorb the energy of waves.
- Gabions work in a similar way to rock armour.
What are the three methods of managing the sea?
Ways of working with the tide include:
- Beach management – by moving material from areas of accretion to areas of erosion and building up the beach after storms.
- Beach or dune nourishment – where new material is placed on the beach, or planting to stabilise dunes.
- Groynes – to trap sediment and build up a beach.
What is a coastal management plan?
A Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) is a strategy for managing flood and erosion risk for a particular stretch of coastline, over short, medium and long-term periods. SMPs identify the best ways to manage coastal flood and erosion risk to people and the developed, historic and natural environment.
What are the 4 options for a Shoreline management Plan?
The Shoreline Management Plan identifies the most sustainable management policies over three main timescales – the present day (0-20 years), the medium-term (20-50 years) and the long-term (50-100 years). There are four policy options: Hold the Line, Advance the Line, Managed Realignment, No Active Intervention.
What are the 5 kinds of coastal protection?
Coastal defences
- 3.1 Groynes.
- 3.2 Sea wall.
- 3.3 Revetments.
- 3.4 Breakwaters.
- 3.5 Gabions.
What are the 4 methods of coastal erosion?
Destructive waves erode through four main processes; Hydraulic Action, Compression, Abrasion and Attrition.
What are the 4 methods of coastal transportation?
Traction – large material is rolled along the sea floor. Saltation – beach material is bounced along the sea floor. Suspension – beach material is suspended and carried by the waves. Solution – material is disolved and carried by the water.
What is coastal management simple?
Coastal management is defence against flooding and erosion, and techniques that stop erosion to claim lands. Protection against rising sea levels in the 21st century is crucial, as sea level rise accelerates due to climate change.
Why is coastal management important?
In addition to sustaining diverse, complex and dynamic ecosystems, it is a vital economic zone that supports most of the state’s industrial, transport and commercial activity. The coast has unique values, natural and urban landscapes and cultural significance that support our way of life.
What natural systems help protect coastlines?
Natural coastlines have in-built coastal defence in the form of sand dunes and beaches, saltmarsh, mangroves, seagrass and kelp beds, and coral and shellfish reefs.
How do you solve coastal problems?
By planting beach-friendly vegetation along your property you can help prevent sand from being carried off by waves. LIVING SHORELINES Living shorelines stabilize a shore by combining living components, such as plants, with structural elements, such as seawalls.
How effective is coastal management?
They are effective at increasing a natural barrier of beach, and can create calmer inshore water. However they require maintenance and repair and speed up erosion down the coast by robbing nearby beaches of sand.
What is the most sustainable coastal management?
Sustainable Coastal Management
- Managing natural resources (fish, farmland, water supply) to ensure long-term productivity.
- Managing flood and erosion risk where possible, or relocating to safe areas.
- Creating alternative livelihoods before existing ones are lost to the sea.
What is the best solution for coastal erosion?
Sand bags are a very common coastal erosion solution. Stack them along the coastline to protect property from crashing waves and sea level water rise.
Who is responsible protecting coastlines?
Solution. The Coast Guard has the responsibility of protecting the coastline.
What are the 5 kinds of coastal protection?
Coastal defences
- 3.1 Groynes.
- 3.2 Sea wall.
- 3.3 Revetments.
- 3.4 Breakwaters.
- 3.5 Gabions.