The region has a diverse climate, ranging from hot, dry desert regions, to cooler, wetter highland regions, and large variability in seasonal rainfall. The current climate is around 1-1.5˚C warmer than pre-industrial times, and there is high confidence of further warming in the future.
What is the climate like in East Africa?
The climate of eastern Africa is generally tropical, though average temperatures tend to be reduced by the region’s high elevations.
Why are there so many climates in East Africa?
Being located near the equator, Eastern Africa is directly affected by seasonal changes in the Hadley circulation, which implies a twice-a-year migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) across the region from south to north and backwards from north to south (Asnani, 1993; Hills, 1979; Nicholson, 1996).
What factors influence climates in East Africa?
The primary factors affecting the climates experienced in East Africa include altitude, the proximity of the warm Indian Ocean, the migration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the location of dominant atmospheric high and low pressure systems.
How are the climates of some areas of East Africa affected by elevation?
Based on the model, when topography over the selected region (KTU) is reduced to 25%, the mean rainfall (temperature) over east Africa is reduced (increased) by about 19% (1.4°C). The maximum rainfall (temperature) reduction (increase) is however observed around the region over which topography is reduced.
What are the 4 major climate zones of East Africa?
Based on the combination of temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration, Africa canbe divided into four main climatic zones; 1) arid and semi-arid, 2) tropical, 3) equatorial, and 4) temperate [19] .
Which climate zones occur in East Africa?
SEMI ARID AND ARID CLIMATE /SEMI DESERT & DESERT CLIMATE
This type of climate is experienced in Northern Kenya e.g. the Chalbi desert, North Eastern Uganda i.e. Karamoja, semi desert in Southern Kenya i.e. Nyiri desert, North Eastern parts of Tanzania e.g. Masai steppe semi desert.
Why does much of East Africa have cooler temperatures than other regions?
Why does much of East Africa have cooler temperatures than other regions? The region sits at a higher elevation.
Why is East Africa so cold?
Cold air from the Indian Ocean (south eastern part of Africa) has been blowing towards East Africa, causing the chill in Kenya and adjacent countries.
How many seasons does East Africa have?
Instead of Summer, Autumn, Winter and Spring, most countries in East Africa and Southern Africa have a wet season(s) and a dry season. The wet season, in particular, is at different times of the year, depending on the country/region.
What are the 4 main factors that affect the climate of Africa?
ocean currents. direction of prevailing winds. shape of the land (known as ‘relief’ or ‘topography’) distance from the equator.
What are the 4 major factors that influence climate?
Although many factors combine to influence weather, the four main ones are solar radiation, the amount of which changes with Earth’s tilt, orbital distance from the sun and latitude, temperature, air pressure and the abundance of water.
What are the 5 main factors that influence the climate of a region?
Hint:The five main factors which affect the climate of a region are Latitude, Altitude, relief, currents and winds and distance from the sea. Complete answer: Latitude: Climate of a region depends on the latitude where it lies.
What things show that climate in East Africa has changed over the years?
Since 1860 Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) has warmed by 2.2°C, Khartoum (Sudan) by 2.09°C, Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) by 1.9°C, Mogadishu (Somalia) by 1.9°C, and Nairobi (Kenya) by 1.9°C (East Africa Hazards Watch). The ice cover of Mount Kilimanjaro decreased 85% between 1912 and 2007.
What is the average temperature in East Africa?
Average temperatures range from 65 degrees F to 100 degrees F. These months are marked by moderate temperatures as the winter approaches. The rains have generally ended and the surrounding bush is lush and green. Temperatures at this time range from a low of 55 degrees F, to a high of mid 80 degrees F.
What are three factors that influence the climate of Africa?
The factors that affect the climate of Africa are latitudinal extent, land and sea contrast, ocean currents, and altitude.
What are the 7 factors that influence climate?
Factors that affect the climate of a place:
- Latitude.
- Elevation.
- Ocean Currents.
- Topography.
- Vegetation.
- Prevailing winds.
Why does climate vary from one place to another?
The climate of a region depends on many factors including the amount of sunlight it receives, its height above sea level, the shape of the land, and how close it is to oceans. Since the equator receives more sunlight than the poles, climate varies depending on its distance from the equator.
What are the different types of climate in Africa?
The climate of Africa is a range of climates such as the equatorial climate, the tropical wet and dry climate, the tropical monsoon climate, the semi-arid climate (semi-desert and steppe), the desert climate (hyper-arid and arid), and the subtropical highland climate.
What are the 3 main climatic zones?
According to the three cell convection model of each hemisphere the Earth neatly separates itself into three distinct climate zones; the polar, temperate, and the tropical zones.
What are the 4 different climate zones?
Climate zone map
Dry climates (B) Temperate climates (C) Continental climates (D) Polar climates (E)