Tonga volcano eruption was one of the strongest EVER recorded: Scientists believe it was equivalent of up to 30m tons of TNT exploding – making it stronger than Mount St Helens blast.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=jYZ1abPlGBE
Was Tonga eruption bigger than Mount St Helens?
The Hunga signal amplitudes are over an order of magnitude larger than those generated by the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption. The group’s findings were published in the journal Science, on May 12, 2022.
What was the size of the Tonga volcano eruption?
In the study, published in Geophysical Research Letters, Millán and his colleagues estimate that the Tonga eruption sent around 146 teragrams (1 teragram equals a trillion grams) of water vapor into Earth’s stratosphere – equal to 10% of the water already present in that atmospheric layer.
Was Tonga eruption bigger than Krakatoa?
The volcanic eruption on an island near Tonga in January was as powerful as the 1883 Krakatoa eruption in Indonesia, one of the deadliest and most destructive volcanic events on record.
What was the largest volcanic eruption in the world?
The most violent eruption registered in history was that in the La Garita Caldera in the United States. It occurred 2.1 million years ago and formed a 35 x 75 km crater, drastically changing the climate on Earth. Fortunately, these eruptions are rare: they occur every 50,000 or 100,000 years.
How big was the ash cloud from Tonga volcano?
However, an umbrella of ash and gas spread out in the stratosphere at an altitude of about 30 kilometers (20 miles), eventually covering an area of 157,000 square kilometers (60,000 square miles), larger than the state of Georgia.
Did the UK feel the Tonga volcano?
Shockwaves from the volcano in Tonga were felt more than 10,000 miles away here in England yesterday, the Met Office confirms.
What was the largest volcanic eruption in the 20th century?
Novarupta
The world’s largest eruption of the 20th century occurred in 1912 at Novarupta on the Alaska Peninsula in what is now Katmai National Park and Preserve. An estimated 15 cubic kilometers of magma was explosively erupted during 60 hours beginning on June 6th.
What was the largest volcanic eruption in the 21th century?
The January 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano in Tonga was the largest volcanic eruption in the 21st century, and the largest recorded since the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo.
How far did the Tonga eruption spread?
about 130km
Most remarkably, it spread out almost concentrically over a distance of about 130km from the volcano, creating a plume with a 260km diameter, before it was distorted by the wind. This demonstrates a huge explosive power—one that cannot be explained by magma-water interaction alone.
What was the worst volcanic eruption?
Since the late 1700s, volcanoes have caused more than 250,000 deaths. Most of these occurred during four disastrous eruptions. The largest of the four occurred on April 10–11, 1815, at Mount Tambora on Sumbawa Island, now a part of Indonesia.
Which volcano is the strongest?
Mt. Tambora—which is still active—holds rank in its own category: the most explosive volcanic event ever recorded by humans. The initial blasts back in April 1815 were heard some 1200 miles away—1200 miles!
How powerful was Mt St Helens?
The eruption produced a force equal to 10–50 megatons of TNT, the equivalent of 25,000 atomic bombs released over the city of Hiroshima during World War II, and superheated gas and rock exploded out of the volcano sideways at speeds of up to 400 mph.
What is the largest supervolcano on Earth?
Taupo erupted 22,600 years ago and is the most recent supereruption on Earth (with a volume of about 1,130 cubic kilometers). Additional volcanoes capable of producing supereruptions include the large caldera volcanoes of Japan, Indonesia, and South America.
What are the 3 largest volcanic eruptions?
The top five biggest volcanic eruptions
- 1 – Mount Tambora.
- 2 – Mount Krakatoa.
- 3 – Mount Pelée.
- 4 – Mount Ruiz. Mount Ruiz in Columbia, South America, had two destructive eruptions in 1985.
- 5 – Mount Vesuvius. In Italy in AD 79, this volcano devastated the nearby cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
What are the 3 largest volcanoes?
Height of select volcanoes worldwide (in meters)
| Volcano, location | Height in meters |
|---|---|
| Mauna Loa (Hawaii, United States) | 9,170 |
| Mount Kilimanjaro (Tanzania)* | 5,895 |
| Popocatépetl Volcano (Mexico) | 5,426 |
| Mount Fuji (Tokyo, Japan) | 3,776 |
How much ash did Tonga release?
A large sulfur dioxide plume was released from Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai on 14 January 2022 (top) that measured roughly 50 kilotons.
Did the Tonga volcano cool the Earth?
Volcanic eruptions eject many different types of gases and particles. Most eruptions, including Hunga Tonga, release particles that cool Earth’s surface by reflecting sunlight back into space, but they typically dissipate after two to three years.
How much co2 did the Tonga volcano release?
After the Tonga volcano erupted in January 2022, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations near the volcano soared to around 414 parts per million (ppm), according to researchers . Compared with estimated 412 ppm had the volcano not erupted, the increased 2ppm equaled a whole year’s CO2 emission on earth.
Will volcano Tonga erupt again?
“Just looking at the general cycle of these volcanos, they seem to have a two-and-a-half to three-year eruptive cycle. In my estimation, I think the chances of another violent eruption from this particular volcano in the near future are not very high at all.”
What was the time in UK when the Tonga volcano erupted?
Graham captured the moment the eruption arrived in Fife, prompting a small spike in air pressure at around 6pm UK time.