Shake holes are small depressions in the landscape. Formed when surface water washes boulder clay down into cracks or fissures in the limestone under the clay.
What is the difference between a shake hole and a swallow hole?
There are plenty of shake holes, though: these are depressions or pits in the ground, caused by underground collapses, whereas pot holes are open shafts. There is also the occasional swallow hole, which is where a stream disappears underground.
How are shake holes formed?
Shakeholes are formed where surface water washes the boulder clay down into cracks or fissures in the limestone under the boulder clay. They are usually found in groups. Cavers have to dig the boulder clay out to see if there is a pothole of any size underneath.
What are the two main rock types in Yorkshire Dales?
Lying deep underground throughout the majority of the Dales is a foundation block of stone called the ‘Askrigg block’. This is formed of ancient sandstones, slates and gritstone, as well as some granite (which, unlike sedimentary rocks, is an ‘igneous’ rock created from once molten magma).
What are the major rock types in Yorkshire?
The core area of the Yorkshire Dales is formed from a layer-cake of limestones, sandstones and mudstones laid down during the Carboniferous period. It is noted for its karst landscape which includes extensive areas of limestone pavement and large numbers of caves including Britain’s longest cave network.
Whats at the bottom of a sinkhole?
Sinkholes vary from shallow holes about 1 meter (3 feet) deep, to pits more than 50 meters (165 feet) deep. Water can drain through a sinkhole into an underground channel or a cave. When mud or debris plugs one of these underground caves, it fills with water to become a lake or a pond.
What are the 3 types of sinkholes?
The three major types of sinkholes know to us are : Solution, Cover Collapse and Cover Subsidence. Solution sinkholes are most commonly seen in areas that have a very thin cover of soil on the surface, exposing the bedrock below to continual erosion by water.
How common are sinkholes in the UK?
Sinkholes are rare in England, but they do happen.
The areas most affected are characterised by high levels of chalk and limestone, which are more easily eroded by water. Ground instability can be a worry in these areas, with subsidence another cause for concern.
How deep are sinkholes usually?
Sinkholes can vary from a few feet to hundreds of acres and from less than 1 to more than 100 feet deep. Some are shaped like shallow bowls or saucers whereas others have vertical walls; some hold water and form natural ponds.
Where are the most sinkholes in the world?
The largest known sinkholes, formed in sandstone, are in Venezuela. They also occur in areas of China and Mexico, specifically the Yucatan Peninsula and Tamaulipas where you can find the deepest water-filled sinkhole, Zacaton, which is 1,112 feet deep.
Why are there so many stone walls in the Yorkshire Dales?
Most walls are built to mark field boundaries or mark land ownership, and limit movement by sheep and cows. Tom Lord of Lower Winskill Farm, Langcliffe has over seven miles of dry-stone walls on his farm, some of which date back to the 13th century and are believed to have been built to deter wolves!
What are three unique features about Yorkshire?
Fascinating facts about Yorkshire:
Highest mountain: Mickle Fell – 2,591 feet. Longest river: River Aire – 88 miles. Largest natural lake: Hornsea Mere – 467 acres. Highest waterfall: Hardraw Force – 100 feet.
What are Yorkshire Dales famous for?
The Yorkshire Dales has some of the most spectacular peaks in England, and the famous Yorkshire Three Peaks of Whernside, Ingleborough and Pen-y-Ghent are amongst the highest in the county, providing an inspiring challenge to walkers from around the world.
What are the four parts of Yorkshire?
Yorkshire, England’s largest county, comprises four main areas; the City of York, North Yorkshire, West Riding and East Riding.
What is the Golden Triangle in North Yorkshire?
The Golden Triangle is a term commonly used by estate agents for the area of West and North Yorkshire lying between Harrogate, York and North Leeds. Lying in the centre of this area is Wetherby on the fringes of West Yorkshire.
What gemstones can be found in Yorkshire?
From a collector’s point of view Yorkshire has been somewhat overshadowed by its more famous northern neighbours yet it has produced some excellent finds of fluorite and barite plus various secondary minerals. including smithsonite, cerussite, pyromorphite, ktenasite, gearksutite, azurite, malachite and otavite.
What are the 5 signs of sinkholes?
The Warning Signs of Sinkholes
- Cracks around door and window frames.
- An increasing number of exposed tree roots on your property.
- Cracks in your foundation, walls, or swimming pool.
- Sagging fence posts, utility poles or trees, or loosening of the soil around them.
- Sloping floors.
- Problems closing doors or windows.
Are there warning signs before a sinkhole?
Some of the warning signs that can signify that there is a sinkhole include structural cracks in floors and walls, windows and doors that do not close properly and cloudy or muddy well water.
What do you think will happen if a sinkhole will occur?
When sinkholes occur in urban areas they can result in the partial and complete collapse of over ground structures in damages to infrastructure, cause high economic losses, evacuation and displacement of residents and can in some rare cases lead to the loss of lives.
What is the most common cause of sinkholes?
Typical activities that can lead to sinkholes are:
Decline of water levels – drought, groundwater pumping (wells, quarries, mines) Disturbance of the soil – digging through soil layers, soil removal, drilling. Point-source of water – leaking water/sewer pipes, injection of water.
Do sinkholes happen fast?
A circular hole typically forms and grows over a period of minutes to hours. Slumping of the sediments along the sides of the sinkhole may take approximately a day’s time to stop. Erosion of the edge of the sinkhole may continue for several days, and heavy rainfall can prolong the stabilization.